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The
Ethnographic Museum was founded in 1951. It was located in the Biljarda
building until the catastrophic 1979 earthquake, upon which the
entire collection of artefacts was transferred to Vladin Dom.
In 1987 the Municipality of Cetinje made the building of the former
Serbian Embassy over to the National Museum of Montenegro, which was
then adapted for the purposes of the Ethnographic Museum.
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The plan of the exhibition:
1. Primary
steps of the raw material treatment
2. Traditional woollen
items
3. Vertical
loom, various garments and household items
4. Horizontal
loom
5. Traditional ornaments
6. National
costumes
7. Lace
and embroidery
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Until
the final set-up of its permanent exhibition, the museum will display
its treasures through temporary thematic exhibitions. The currently running
exhibition entitled “From Thread to Fabric” provides a general
overview of the method used for the production of fabric within
traditional textile handicraft. The items on display include the best
pieces of clothing and other items for everyday or festive use, textile
household items, as well as tools used in the production process. Most
of these date from the second half of the nineteenth and the first
decades of the twentieth century. Certain exhibits, particularly
embroidery, represent superb achievements of handicraft and are unique
and unrepeatable.
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First
room
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On
the ground floor, in the first room, the visitor can see the objects
used in the primary steps of the raw material treatment, such as:
scissors for sheep shearing, cards for combing out wool, flax or hemp,
as well as various kinds of distaffs (both the manual ones and the more
modern foot-operated distaff or spinning-wheel, which appeared in
Montenegro in the first decades of the twentieth century). The distaff
is the basic tool for spinning – the procedure of shaping and uniting
textile fibres into a thread. As objects used in the successive steps of
thread processing, the winding machine and the winch are
exhibited.
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Second
room
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Second
room
displays a brake for breaking hemp or flax, as well as final products
woven from the mentioned raw materials (women’s dress, skirt).
Diverse knitted woollen items are also exhibited here (gloves,
mittens, socks, oversocks, a jacket, a petticoat, etc), some of which
are lavishly decorated and artistically designed. They are
characterized by bright colours and harmoniously fitted geometrical
ornaments, and are sometimes additionally adorned with tiny and
colourful beads.
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.. Third
room .
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In
the third room a vertical loom is on display, on which various
garments and household items were produced by weaving (a very old
technique in which fabrics were produced by crossing threads over
and under each other). Among the woven items exhibited in this room
are belts, various types of bags, chair mats, and covers.
Eye-catching visual effects are achieved by numerous combinations of
threads of different widths or kinds and diverse colours in one or
several weaving techniques, with an endless range of variations.
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